Graphical Representations

The bar diagram presents insights into the proportion of Britons by age , donating money to charitable organisations in the year 1990 and 2010.
To begin with, in the year 1990 the amount of donations showed continuous increase from age 18 to 50 and reached a peak of around 41% in the age group of 36 to 50 years and then formed a plateau. And, with increase in age beyond 50 years the amount of contributions towards charitable purposes showed a mild decline.

Similarly, in 2010 the pattern followed the same trend as in 1990 and the percentage of charity showed a continuous increase from age 18 to 65 , but in comparison to 1990 the zenith level of contributions was reached in the age group of 51-65 and then , similar to 1990, there was a bit of decline.
Overall, almost similar trend was observed in both the years from ages 18 to 15. But a significant point to note is that there was a trend reversal after the age of 50 , and the number of people donating in 2010 was more than the amount of population in 1990.

Pictures

This category of Writing Task 1 in Academic IELTS generally contains two pictures in which one represents past/present scenario of a place and the other one represents present/future scenario. It can be elaborated in 150 or more words as per the following format:

SOLVED EXAMPLE :

The diagram below shows how a dredger can remove mud from the bottom of canals. The table compares features of the canal dredger with those of a coastal dredger.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

The pictorial representation describes working mechanism of a dredger during the silt removal task from ground level of canals. Also, the comparison of canal and coastal dredger has been shown with the help of tabular data.
To begin with, the graphic shows the implementation of a new dredging technology, in the city of Venice, to remove loose mud from ground level of canals and sea floor. This new invention will enable mud removal without having to remove all water from the canals in the upcoming years. The machinery involves a boat with hydraulic arms, which can help the lowering of cleaning device to the canal floor. The silt removed is carried over to the shuttle boat via a tube. The boat with the loaded mud is towed out of the city for dumping.

Statistically, the hull length of a coastal dredger is almost four times than that of a canal dredger which is just of 22 meters whereas its hull breadth is about double the size of a coastal one. Moreover, as per requirement, the depth of a coastal dredger is 35 meters in comparison to just 1.87 meters in case of the one needed for canal.

The dredging by means of a canal dredger is almost similar to the process done by a coastal dredger. But, the only difference is that the scale of all the parts involved is of lower level.

SOLVED EXAMPLE :

The diagram below shows the process by which bricks are manufactured for the building industry.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

The information illustrated in the pictorial representation gives insights into the step by step procedure followed for bricks building process for the construction businesses.

To begin with, the process starts with digging of clay, a special type of mud which is sticky in nature and is used for pottery and making other things, by the digger. The clay dug from earth is passed over to a metal grid over a roller, to filter out the fine material from the raw stuff. The material so obtained is mixed with sand and water before passing through the moulding process, which shapes them into the structure of bricks. Each brick is separated from the other one, coming out of the mould, with the help of a wire cutter.

In the further process, the bricks are collectively kept in a drying oven for 24 to 48 hours, to take out any extra moisture. After the drying process, the bricks are kept in two different chambers of different temperature ranges. The temperatures in those kilns vary from 200 degrees to 1300 degrees centigrade. Once, the heating process is over, then the bricks are allowed to cool down for 48 to 72 hours before being sent for packing and further for delivery to required sites.

Overall, the process of bricks making is a collection of several steps and all steps are so interlinked with each other that any lapses in one can ruin the quality of the final product.